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9/8/98 AC 43.13-1B SECTION 5. INSPECTION OF PROPELLERS 8-91. GENERAL. All propellers, regardless of the material from which they are made, should be regularly and carefully inspected for any possible defect. Any doubtful condition, such as looseness of parts, nicks, cracks, scratches, bruises, or loss of finish should be carefully investigated and the condition checked against repair and maintenance speci- fications for that particular type of propeller. Any propeller that has struck a foreign object during service should be promptly inspected for possible damage in accordance with the propeller manufacturer’s prescribed procedures and, if necessary, repaired according to the manufacturer’s instructions. If the propeller is damaged beyond the repair limits established by the propeller manufacturer, and a replace- ment is necessary, install the same make/model approved or alternate as specified in the equipment list, applicable FAA Aircraft Specification, Type Certificate Data Sheet (TCDS), or Supplemental Type Certificate (STC). A sample manufacturer’s propeller in- spection checklist is shown in table 8-2. It shows the items to be inspected and the in- spection intervals. 8-92. WOOD OR COMPOSITION PRO- PELLERS AND BLADES. Wood propellers are usually found on low-power, reciprocating engines while composition (Carbon fiber, Kevlar) propellers are used on high horse- power reciprocating and turbine engines. Due to the nature of wood, these propellers should be inspected frequently to assure airworthi- ness. Inspect for defects such as cracks, dents, warpage, glue failure, delamination defects in the finish, and charring of the wood between the propeller and the flange due to loose pro- peller mounting bolts. Composition propellers should be inspected in accordance with the propeller manufacturer’s instructions. a. Fixed-pitch propellers are normally removed from the engine at engine overhaul periods. Whenever the propeller is removed, visually inspect the rear surface for any indi- cation of cracks. When any defects are found, disassemble the metal hub from the propeller. Inspect the hub bolts for wear and cracks at the head and threads, and if cracked or worn, re- place with new equivalent bolts. Inspect for elongated bolt holes, enlarged hub bore, and for cracks inside the bore or anywhere on the propeller. Repair propellers found with any of these defects. If no defects are found, the pro- peller may be reinstalled on the engine. Before installation, touch up with varnish all places where the finish is worn thin, scratched, or nicked. Track and balance the propeller, and coat the hub bore and bolt holes with some moisture preventive such as asphalt varnish. In case the hub flange is integral with the crankshaft of the engine, final track the pro- peller after it is installed on the engine. In all cases where a separate metal hub is used, make a final balance and track with the hub installed on the propeller. b. On new, fixed-pitch propeller instal- lations, inspect the bolts for proper torque after the first flight and after the first 25 hours of flying. Thereafter, inspect and check the bolts for proper torque at least every 50 hours. No definite time interval can be specified, since a bolt’s proper torque is affected by changes in the wood caused by the moisture content of the air where the airplane is flown and stored. During wet weather, some moisture is apt to enter the propeller wood through the holes drilled in the hub. The wood then swells, and because expansion is limited by the bolts ex- tending between the two flanges, some of the wood fibers become crushed. Later, when the propeller dries out during dry weather or due Par 8-91 Page 8-37PDF Image | AFS-640
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