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AC 43.13-1B 9/8/98 temperatures, resistance to discoloration when exposed to sunlight, surface checking, etc. In formation on these properties is in MIL-HDBK-17A, Plastics for Flight Vehicles, Part IITransparent Glazing Materials, avail able from the Government Printing Office (GPO). These properties are considered by aircraft manufacturers in selecting materials to be used in their designs and the use of substi tutes having different characteristics may result in subsequent difficulties. 3-27. INSTALLATION PROCEDURES. When installing a replacement panel, use the same mounting method employed by the manufacturer of the aircraft. While the actual installation will vary from one type of aircraft to another, consider the following major prin ciples when installing any replacement panel. a. Never force a plastic panel out of shape to make it fit a frame. If a replacement panel does not fit easily into the mounting, obtain a new replacement or heat the whole panel and reform. When possible, cut and fit a new panel at ordinary room temperature. b. In clamping or bolting plastic panels into their mountings, do not place the plastic under excessive compressive stress. It is easy to develop more than 1,000 psi on the plastic by over-torquing a nut and bolt. Tighten each nut to a firm fit, then back the nut off one full turn (until they are snug and can still be rotated with the fingers). c. In bolted installations, use spacers, collars, shoulders, or stop-nuts to prevent tightening the bolt excessively. Whenever such devices are used by the aircraft manufac turer, retain them in the replacement installa tion. It is important that the original number of bolts, complete with washers, spacers, etc., be used. When rivets are used, provide ade quate spacers or other satisfactory means to prevent excessive tightening of the frame to the plastic. d. Mount plastic panels between rubber, cork, or other gasket material to make the in stallation waterproof, to reduce vibration, and to help to distribute compressive stresses on the plastic. e. Plastics expand and contract consid erably more than the metal channels in which they are mounted. Mount windshield panels to a sufficient depth in the channel to prevent it from falling out when the panel contracts at low temperatures or deforms under load. When the manufacturer’s original design per mits, mount panels to a minimum depth of 1-1/8 inch, and with a clearance of 1/8 inch between the plastic and bottom of the channel. f. In installations involving bolts or riv- ets, make the holes through the plastic over size by 1/8-inch diameter and center so that the plastic will not bind or crack at the edge of the holes. The use of slotted holes is also recom mended. 3-28.3-39. [RESERVED.] Page 3-22 Par 3-26PDF Image | AFS-640
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