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AC 43.13-1B 9/8/98 (1) Glass fabric will not deteriorate from UV exposure, but will be deteriorated by acid rain, dew fallout, and chaffing if loose in the prop blast area. (2) Cotton, linen, and glass fabric cov- erings are dependent solely on the strength and tautening characteristics of the dope film to carry the airloads. Dope coatings on heat- tautened polyester fabric will also absorb all the airloads because the elongation of polyes- ter filaments are considerably higher than the dope film. Polyester fabric that is coated with materials other than dope, is dependent solely on the heat tautening and low-elongation char- acteristics of the polyester filaments to develop tension and transmit the airloads to the air- frame without excess distortion from a static position. (3) Cracks in coatings will allow any type of exposed fabric to deteriorate. Cracks should be closed by sealing or removing the coatings in the immediate area and replace with new coatings, or recover the component. 2-31. FABRIC IDENTIFICATION. Cotton Fabric meeting TSO-C15 or TSO-C14 can be identified by an off-white color and thread count of 80 to 94 for TSO-C14b and 80 to 84 for TSO-C15d in both directions. a. Aircraft linen conforming to British specification 7F1 may be identified by a slightly darker shade than cotton fabric and ir- regular thread spacing. The average thread count will be about the same as Grade A fabric (TSO-C15d). The non-uniformity of the linen thread size is also noticeable, with one thread half the size of the adjacent thread. When viewed under a magnifying glass, the ends of the cotton and linen fiber nap may be seen on the backside. The nap is also seen when the coating is removed from the front or outside surface. A light-purple color showing on the back side of cotton or linen fabric indicates a fungicide was present in the dope to resist de- terioration by fungus and mildew. b. Polyester fabric conforming to TSO-C14b or TSO-C15d is whiter in color than cotton or linen. The fabric styles adapted for use as aircraft covering have a variety of thread counts, up to ninety-four (94), depend- ing on the manufacturing source, weight, and breaking strength. Polyester is a monofilament and will not have any nap or filament ends showing. c. Glass fabric is manufactured white in color, and one source is precoated with a blue- tinted dope as a primer and to reduce weave distortion during handling. Thread count will be approximately 36 threads per inch. Glass fabrics are monofilament and will not have any nap or filament ends showing unless they are inadvertently broken. d. When a small fabric sample can be removed from the aircraft and all the coatings removed, a burn test will readily distinguish between natural fabric, polyester, and glass fabric. Cotton and linen will burn to a dry ash, polyester filaments will melt to a liquid and continue burning to a charred ash, and glass filaments, which do not support combustion, will become incandescent over a flame. 2-32. COATING IDENTIFICATION. Nitrate or butyrate dope must be used to de- velop tension on cotton, linen, and glass fab- rics. When a small sample can be removed, burn tests will distinguish nitrate dope-coated fabric from butyrate dope-coated fabric by its immediate ignition and accelerated combus- tion. Butyrate dope will burn at less than one-half the rate of nitrate dope. Coating types other than nitrate or butyrate dope may have been used as a finish over dope on cotton, linen, and glass fiber fabric coverings. Page 2-34 Par 2-30PDF Image | AFS-640
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