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5.1 NFPA 70-99, National Electrical Code The purpose of the National Electrical Code (NEC) is the practical safeguarding of persons and property from hazards arising from the use of electricity. It covers installations of electric conductors and equipment within or on public and private buildings or other structures and conductors and equipment that connect to the supply of electricity. Historically, it has not controlled installations under the exclusive control of electric utilities for the purpose of communications, metering, generation, control, transformation, transmission, or distribution of electric energy. Such installations shall be located in buildings used exclusively by utilities for such purposes, outdoor on property owned or leased by the utility, on or along public highways, streets, roads, or outdoors on private property by established rights such as easements. Many NEC requirements, important to on-site power, lie buried in articles not obvious by their titles to have relationship to generators. The NEC does not have an article on portable power sources, yet requirements exist in Articles 210-Branch Circuits, 230-Services, 240-Overcurrent Protection, 250-Grounding and 305-Temporary Wiring. Article 517 has important requirements for emergency systems in health care facilities. Because on-site power must be compatible with utility-furnished power, many of the requirements of other articles also apply to on-site power. For example, Article 250-5 tells what systems must be grounded. These requirements apply, with certain listed exceptions, regardless of the ownership of the power-generation unit. 5.1.1 Article 700, Emergency Systems Article 700 has five parts. Most important to the emergency power source are Parts A, General, and C, Sources of Power. The following items are of particular importance to onsite generators: C Article 700 covers emergency systems that are legally required and classed as emergency by the governmental agency having jurisdiction or by other codes (hospitals, public facilities, mission- critical infrastructure such as air traffic control towers, etc.) C Tests at maximum anticipated load must be witnessed, performed periodically, and a written record maintained. C Other loads (including peak shaving) can be served if an automatic load management system ensures adequate emergency power. C Automatic transfer switches must prevent inadvertent interconnection of normal and emergency sources (but can be bypassed). C Audible and visual signals must indicate (1) any disturbance of the emergency power source, (2) that the battery is carrying load, (3) that the charger is not functioning, or (4) that a ground fault exists. 5.3PDF Image | PNNL 13277
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