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CHAPTER 9 Capstone PROTECTIVE RELAY FUNCTIONS may not offer “net metering”, and therefore reverse power flow represents an economic loss to the microturbine user. The C200 microturbine can be configured to provide reverse power flow protection in two different ways. Either method requires an external device be installed at the appropriate point in the distribution circuit to measure power flow. Utilities are normally most concerned about power flow back into their utility grid, and measure this flow at a Point of Common Coupling (or PCC) with onsite generating equipment. The two basic methods are: Power meter with pulse outputs to the microturbine Reverse power relay with trip signal to the microturbine Power Meter with Pulse Outputs The C200 microturbine can be programmed to initiate a Normal Shutdown by installing a power meter with pulse outputs at a remote location between the utility point of common coupling and the point where the microturbine is connected. Detailed requirements for this external equipment are described in Chapter 10: Communications – External Power Meter Inputs. The reverse power protective function in the C200 may be enabled at installation, and can be configured to initiate a Normal Shutdown when reverse power flow is measured for a duration of 0 to 120 seconds. Note that an overall response time of zero (0) seconds cannot be realistically achieved. The minimum duration depends on the kWh-per-pulse calibration factor of the power meter and the magnitude of the reverse power flow. In practice, if the duration is set as 0 second, the shutdown will be initiated when the first reverse power flow pulse is received. Normal Shutdown allows cooldown of the microturbine to occur as opposed to a Grid Fault warmdown (shutdown) caused by the microturbine’s integrated voltage, frequency, and anti-islanding protection. During this cooldown, fuel is shut off but some power will still be output since the main contactor will remain closed and the heat energy stored in the recuperator must be dissipated. Reverse Power Relay with Trip Signal Alternatively, a reverse power flow relay may be interfaced with the external fault inputs in the C200’s User Connections Bay to initiate a Grid Fault Shutdown when reverse power flow is detected. Details on making a fault input connection are provided in Chapter 10: Communications – Fault Inputs. Typically the fault input would be configured to cause a fault severity level 4 shutdown (warmdown). This scheme will provide the quickest response to a reverse power situation, and will cause an operator to manually clear this severity level 4 fault before the microturbine can be restarted. NOTE Some states have rigid requirements regarding proper reverse power flow to the utility during grid disturbances. In this case, the best approach is to use a utility- approved reverse power flow relay to provide a trip signal to the microturbine. The relay trip signal output should interface with one of the microturbine digital fault inputs and be software configured to fault severity level 4 (warmdown). When properly setup, the main output contactor on the C200 microturbine will open to stop exporting power as soon as a trip signal from the reverse power protective relay is detected. 410066 Rev C (June 2009) 9-8 Capstone reserves the right to change or modify, without notice, the design, specifications, and/or contents of this document without incurring any obligation either with respect to equipment previously sold or in the process of construction.PDF Image | CAPSTONE C200 MICROTURBINE TECHNICAL REFERENCE
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