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METHANE RECOVERY FROM ANIMAL MANURES: THE CURRENT OPPORTUNITIES CASEBOOK The same relationship held true for nitrogen. However, manure nitrogen availability exceeded crop system uptake and removal potential in fewer counties than did phosphorus. In the narrowest simulation, manure nitrogen availability exceeded the uptake and removal potential of non-legume crops and hay in 266 counties. In the broadest simulation, only 35 counties show manure nitrogen availability exceeding the uptake and removal potential of crops, hay, and pasture. This translates to a nearly 87% decline in the number of counties where nitrogen from manure exceeds uptake and removal potential. “These simulations reflect potential rather than actual nutrient use because producers may manage manure in ways other than to meet crop nutrient needs. Further, it does not imply that in areas where nutrient availability does not exceed crop nutrient needs that the nutrient resource is being managed properly. Improved nutrient management approaches, alternatives to land application (e.g., production of energy or other products, treatment), and conservation practices will be particularly important to reduce the potential for pollution where nutrient availability from manure exceeds crop needs. The primary value of simulating manure nutrient source and crop uptake and removal capacity by county is as a decision-making tool to help identify potential problem areas, to target resources to them, and to work toward solutions 30 when problems are identified.” These simulations can not be used to conclude that counties with simulated nitrogen and phosphorus excesses (i.e., above 100% values) either already experience or will experience water quality impairment from nitrogen or phosphorus moving from farm fields to the broader environment. On the other hand, these simulations can be used to conclude that in counties with simulated nitrogen or phosphorus excesses, some land is susceptible to nutrient over- application and buildup, and potential release of nutrients to the broader environment if land application of manure is the principal way manures are used. Mineral fertilizers are often preferred by agriculture. Fresh manure has a tendency to suppress or slow plant growth. Fresh manure applied during active growth may “stick” to the plant or its leaves, reducing respiration and plant growth. The less viscous and the more flowable a manure 31 nutrient source, the more the plant will benefit from manure application. As livestock production becomes more geographically concentrated, the challenge of using manure effectively, while minimizing adverse environmental effects, becomes more complex. Decision makers will have to grapple with development planning questions; agribusiness and technology developers will have to focus on improved on-farm manure management practices and alternative manure uses; and conservationists will need to dedicate effort to working with producers to reduce potential adverse impacts through the application of conservation systems. Wise use of the solid and liquid digestate residues from the AD process can have very beneficial environmental effects. The amount, quality, and nature of these products will depend on feedstock quality, digestion method, and the extent of the post-treatment refinement 30 31 Supra, Note 29. Mattocks, R. (9 June 1998). Personal communication. Environomics, Riverdale, NY. 2-18PDF Image | Methane Recovery from Animal Manures The Current Opportunities Casebook
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