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gas turbine is significantly lighter (e.g. a 1 MW turbine weighs approx. 1 tonne, whereas a piston engine of the same size – approx. 10 tonnes) and smaller. In a gas turbine, the only source of heat is exhaust gas, which can be converted to useful energy. Figure 14 shows a gas turbine-based hot water generation system [30]. Figure 14. Simple gas turbine-based cogeneration system used for hot water production (G – generator, KS – combustion chamber, T – turbine, S – compressor, KO – waste-heat boiler, P – pump, OC – heat exchanger, F – filter) Source: [30]. Gas turbines are available in sizes ranging from 500 kW to 250 MW, however at landfills most LFG energy projects, are a minimum of 3 MW to more than 5 MW (where gas flows 3 exceed a minimum of 2,300 Nm /h) [7, 26]. The most common gas turbine in operation at LFG recovery projects in USA is the Centaur, manufactured by Solar Turbines, a subsidiary of Caterpillar. The net rated generating capacity is 3000 kW; the gross capacity (prior to parasitic losses) is 3,500 kW or more, depending on the model and its application. Solar gas turbine power generation packages have the following standard features [28]: • Industrial grade three-phase induction generator, both 50 Hz and 60 Hz; • Epicyclic gearbox between turbine and generator; • PLC-based TurbotronicTM control system to oversee both turbine and generator operations; • Lube oil system for turbine and generator, including lube oil cooler; • Turbine air filtration system; • Electric start system; 55PDF Image | Landfill Gas Energy Technologies
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