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Plug Flow Digesters (Low Rate) The plug flow anaerobic digester is the simplest form of anaerobic digestion(Jewell, Kabrick et al. 1981). Consequently, it is the least expensive (Jewell, Dell-Orto et al. 1981). The plug flow digester can be a horizontal or vertical reactor. The horizontal reactor shown in Figure 9 is the most commonly used configuration. The waste enters on one side of the reactor and exits on the other. Since bacteria are not conserved, a portion of the waste must be converted to new bacteria, which are subsequently wasted with the effluent. Since the plug flow digester is a growth based system, it is less efficient than a retained biomass system. It converts less waste to gas. Plug flow systems are subject to stratification wherein the sands and silts settle to the bottom and the organic fibers migrate to surface. The stratification can be partially inhibited by maintaining a relatively high solids concentration in the digester. Periodically, solids must be removed from the plug flow reactor. Since there is no easy way of removing the solids, the reactor must be shut down during the cleaning period. The cost of cleaning can be considerable. Since the solids concentration must be maintained at high levels, dilute milk barn waste is normally excluded from the digester. Plug flow reactors are normally heated by a hot water piping system within the reactor. The hot water piping system can complicate the periodic cleaning of the reactor. Figure 9 – Plug Flow Reactor The plug flow reactor is a simple, economical system. Applications are limited to concentrated dairy manure containing a minor amount of sand and silt. If stratification occurs because of a dilute waste or excess sand, significant operating costs will be incurred. © Environmental Energy Company 30 www.makingenergy.com 360-923-2000PDF Image | Dairy Waste Anaerobic Digestion Handbook Options for Recovering Beneficial Products From Dairy Manure
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