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In addition, the digester must be able to handle or process the dairy waste stream. Dairy waste is a semi-solid slurry. Much of the energy value is in the solids. Consequently, the process must be able to convert solids to gas without clogging the anaerobic reactor. The process must also be able to handle bedding material, sand and other foreign materials associated with typical dairy waste. In addition, if the dairy manure is a dilute waste, the process must be capable of mitigating stratification and solids separation within the reactor. Processes that are not Appropriate for Digesting Dairy Manure A variety of high rate anaerobic processes, which retain bacteria have been developed to treat soluble organic industrial wastes. These “high rate” digesters have reduced hydraulic detention times from 20 days to a few hours. They include anaerobic filters, both upflow and downflow, and a variety of biofilm processes such as fixed film packed bed reactors. Bacteria are retained in these reactors as films on carriers such as plastic beads, or sand, or on support media of all configurations. The waste washes past the retained bacteria. The bacteria convert the soluble constituents to gas but have little opportunity to hydrolyze and degrade the particulate solids, unless the solids become attached to the biomass. These reactors are not suitable for digesting dairy waste since they are not effective in converting particulate solids to gas and tend to clog while digesting dairy manure slurries. These high rate reactors can treat the soluble component of dairy waste. But only a fraction of the available energy will be recovered. Figure 4- Packed Fixed Film Reactor A widely used industrial waste anaerobic digester is the UASB or “Upflow © Environmental Energy Company 25 www.makingenergy.com 360-923-2000PDF Image | Dairy Waste Anaerobic Digestion Handbook Options for Recovering Beneficial Products From Dairy Manure
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