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biogas HANDBOOK Animal manure and slurries are collected from the pre-storage tanks or from the slurry channels at the farm and transported in special vacuum container trucks to the biogas plant, according to an established schedule. At the biogas plant, manure is mixed with the other co- substrates, homogenised and pumped inside the digester tank. The transport of fresh manure from the farmers to the biogas plant and of digestate from the biogas plant to the farmer’s storage facilities, placed close to the fields where digestate is applied as fertiliser, is the responsibility of the biogas plant. The storage facilities for digestate are sometimes shared by several farmers. Like in the case of farm plants, the digestion process can be mesophilic or thermophilic. The HRT is of 12-25 days. According to European legislation, a controlled sanitation process of certain types of substrates of animal origin must be performed prior accessing the digester, which provides effective reduction of pathogens and weed seeds and ensures safe recycling of digestate. Figure 4.8 Picture of centralised co-digestion plant in Denmark (LEMVIG BIOGAS) The digester feeding system is continuous, and biomass mixture is pumped in and out of the digesters in equal amounts through precise pump-sequences. Digestate, pumped out of the digester, is transferred by pipelines to temporary storage tanks. In many cases, these tanks are covered with a gas proof membrane, for the collection of the additional biogas production (up to 15% of the total), taking place at lower temperature. Before leaving the biogas plant, digestate is analysed and nutritionally defined (DM, VS, N, P, K, and pH). The manure suppliers can take back only that amount of digestate, which they are allowed by law to spread on their fields. The excess is sold as fertiliser to the crop farmers in the nearby area. In all cases, digestate is integrated in the fertilisation plan of the farm, replacing mineral fertilisers, closing the cycle of carbon and nutrient recycling (Figure 4.9). More and more biogas plants are also equipped with installations for separation of digestate in liquid and solid fractions. 35PDF Image | biogas HANDBOOK
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