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International Letters of Natural Sciences Vol. 9 5 Figure 2. Complete mixed digestor system. 3. FACTOR AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF BIOGAS Following is a discussion of the most important parameters which must be considered in the design of an anaerobic digestion system: 3. 1. Temperature Three ranges exist for anaerobic digestion: Psychrophilic range - Between 5 °C and 25 °C; characterized by slower methane production and longer retention times. Mesophilic range - Between 30 °C and 40 °C; the most widely used of the three (Poulsen, 2003), this range balances heating costs with methane production. Thermophilic range – From 50 °C to 60 °C; produces the most methane but is also the most sensitive, due to fewer bacterial species in existence. Once a stable temperature is reached, fluctuations should be kept within 5 °C to avoid killing the desired bacteria (Pos, et al, 1981). Thermophilic tolerance is generally less than that of lower temperatures (Price and Cheremisinoff, 1981). Each temperature range at which the digester can be operated has its own advantages. The thermophilic process has been found to be superior to the mesophilic process from an energy balance and, thus, “profit” point of view (Ahring, 1994). Thermophilic digesters usually achieve better degradation of long-chain fatty acids, have a shorter retention time, and require less biomass compared to the quantity of methane produced.PDF Image | Biogas as Resources of Energy
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