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Chapter 5 Evaluation of Combined Heat and Power Technologies for Wastewater Treatment Facilities • • • • • • • • Table 5-6. Persigo Wastewater Treatment Plant – Digester Gas to Vehicle Fuel The City of Grand Junction, Colorado has been looking for ways to convert fleet vehicles to natural gas fuel since 2006. Persigo WWTP was flaring excess digester gas at a rate of about 100,000 ft3/day. Excess digester gas is now being converted to compressed natural gas (CNG). CNG will be used to fuel fleet city vehicles and buses. Ground breaking for fueling station was scheduled for September 2010. Fueling station will include a fast-fill component for public use. Project was partially funded by more the $1 million of grant money. Project is believed to be the first in the United States to convert digester gas to fuel government vehicles. Table 5-7 summarizes some of the advantages and disadvantages common to digester gas use as vehicle fuel. Table 5-7. Digester Gas to Fuel Fleet Vehicles Advantages • Offers a direct offset of otherwise required fossil-fuel use. Every Btu of methane produced requires one less Btu of natural gas. Disadvantages • Requires a nearby fleet vehicle operation, preferably a natural-gas- fueled fleet. • Requires modification of fleet vehicles fuel systems. • Requires extremely clean gas to protect high pressure gas compressors and vehicle engines. • Requires special infrastructure for fueling vehicles and/or accommodating increased traffic to the POTW for fleet fueling. • Requires frequent fueling stops because of the lower fuel energy content and vehicle operating range. • Requires a long term commitment to the converted fleet vehicles. • Requires significant high pressure onsite fuel storage. One important factor to consider when evaluating non-CHP uses for digester gas is that purified digester gas is about 6 percent less energetic than natural gas. The reason for this is that all of the energy from purified digester gas comes from CH4. In addition to CH4, natural gas includes some heavy, combustible hydrocarbons and therefore has a greater heating value than purified digester gas. The higher heating value (HHV) of purified digester gas may be as high as 990 Btu/ft3, whereas the HHV of natural gas may be as high as 1050 Btu/ft3. 5.2 References Kalogo, Y., H. Monteith. 2008. State of Science Report: Energy and Resource Recovery from Sludge (OWSO3R07). WERF (Water Environment Research Foundation), Alexandria, VA. Pierce, J. Landfill Gas to Vehicle Fuel: Assessment of its Technical and Economic Feasibility. SCS Energy, Long Beach, CA. USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency) and USDOE (United States Department of Energy). 1995. Case Studies in Residuals Use and Energy Conservation at Wastewater Treatment Plants. http://www .nrel.gov/docs/legosti/old/7974.pdf http://www .gjcity .org/CityDeptW ebPages/Administration/LinkedFiles/PDF/CNG/CNG_Brochure2.pdf h t t p : / / w w w . i e a - b i o g a s . n e t / D o k u m e n t e / u p g r a d i n g _ r e p o r t _ fi n a l . p d f 5-4PDF Image | Combined Heat and Power Technologies for Wastewater Facilities
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