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Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes seconds as turbine ramping was completed. A similar voltage dip was observed when the grid- connect MTG was ramped from 10 kW to 20 kW. A voltage rise from 277 VAC to 283 VAC followed by a voltage drop to 273 VAC were observed when the grid-connected MTG’s set point was reduced from 20 kW to 10 kW. The voltage returned to 277 VAC when the grid-connect MTG reached 10 kW. There were also other spikes and dips in voltage during changes in load bank power levels. These only lasted one or two seconds and may indicate some high-speed voltage fluctuations that are not captured by the data collected at one-second intervals. There were only small voltage changes when inductive loads were applied or removed. During most of the test period, there was a load imbalance introduced by the load banks. The 24- kW step of one of the load banks had a one-kW unbalance (legs A and B with eight kW and leg C with seven kW). This load imbalance seems to induce some neutral current (about two amps). When the load on the MTG pair was balanced, there was still some neutral current, but levels were less than one amp. There was no noticeable voltage imbalance caused by the load imbalance. Both MTGs had to be kept within their operating ranges throughout the testing. When changes were made in the load bank loads, the step size had to be small enough to avoid MTG overload at the test ambient temperatures. In addition, load was kept above eight kW to avoid the combustion instabilities previously observed in the test turbines. In one case the stand-alone turbine load was allowed to drop to six kW for a long enough period that the unit tripped. When this turbine tripped, voltage and frequency control was lost. The grid-connect turbine also tripped immediately in response to loss of grid power. Although this test was not intentional, it showed that the anti-islanding protection worked as planned. 5.4.2 Honeywell – Capstone Parallel Tests Analysis of the graphs from the Honeywell – Capstone parallel tests (Appendix H) showed the behavior of the turbines in parallel closely resembled the operation of each separately. The Honeywell MTG was started, and load was applied by the load banks. This loading was done in stages to avoid tripping the unit. When the load bank settings were at 50-kW real power, the Capstone MTG was started in grid-connect mode. The Honeywell MTG supplied the starting power for the Capstone unit. The Capstone unit then ramped to 10 kW with an equivalent decrease in the power supplied by the Honeywell unit. Similar behavior was noted when the Capstone MTG was ramped to 20 kW. Load bank reactive power was then ramped up and down again. The Capstone real power was ramped down in two steps and the unit was shut down and allowed to complete a cool-down cycle before the Honeywell MTG was shut down. A voltage imbalance of at least five volts on phase C was noticed in the earlier stand-alone tests of the Honeywell MTG. This same imbalance was present in these tests. As a whole, the voltage did not change greatly during real load changes by either the load banks or the grid- connect MTG. There was a drop of about four volts (280 VAC to 276 VAC) when the reactive load was increased from zero to 24 kVAR. There were no observable voltage spikes during any of the load changes. 27PDF Image | Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes Consultant Report
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