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Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes After a few seconds, the shaft speed returned to 65,000 RPM. Tables 15 and 16 show the times for the turbine shaft to recover nominal speed during load step changes up and down. The load levels shown in the tables are measured at the load banks. The turbine indicated output was three to five kW larger because of transformer losses and the load of the gas compressor. Table 15. Honeywell Ramp-Down Time Start Load (kW) End Load (kW) Time to Change Recovery Time Load (sec) (sec/kW) 66 54 11 0.92 54 48 9 1.5 48 24 11 0.46 24 0 9 0.38 Table 16. Honeywell Ramp-Up Time Start Load (kW) End Load (kW) Time to Change Recovery Time Load (sec) (sec/kW) 0 24 15 0.63 24 48 30 1.25 48 54 21 3.5 54 60 27 4.5 60 62 12 6 62 64 25 12.5 64 66 48 24 As can be noted from Table 15, the turbine is capable of ramping down to lower load levels quite quickly. There is an approximately 600-RPM spike in the turbine during a reduction in real load at the load bank. The RPM returns to normal in about 10 seconds. The turbine exit temperature goes from a high of 1,090 deg C down to 680 deg C as the load is reduced from 66 kW to zero. The DC link voltage rises as the real power load goes down, increasing from 528 VDC to a high of 630 VDC. The MTG ramp up is quite different. At lower loads, the turbine accepts the load with little problem. However, as the load gets closer to the unit’s rated load, it must be added in smaller and smaller increments to avoid tripping the MTG. Table 16 shows that the recovery time per kW increased dramatically as power output approached full load. No attempt was made to apply full load from the no-load setting because the MTG would likely have tripped. An attempt was made to apply a four-kW incremental load at the 60-kW load level, but the incremental load added was quickly removed to avoid possible tripping of the turbine. A review of the data suggests that the turbine would not have tripped in this particular case. During load increases, the turbine exit temperature increased from 670 to 1,022 deg C. At the same time, the DC bus voltage decreased from 630 VDC at no load to 528 VDC at full load. One observation about the voltage at the load banks is that phase C runs at least five VAC above the other phases at all times. This voltage difference exists at full load as well as no load, so it 21PDF Image | Behavior of Capstone and Honeywell Microturbine Generators During Load Changes Consultant Report
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